python循环语句while

while语句

        python编程中while语句用于循环执行程序,即在某条件下,循环执行某段程序,以处理需要从父处理的相同任务。基本形式为

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while 判断条件:
执行语句……

        执行语句可以是单个语句或语句块。判断条件可以是任务表达式,任何非零、或非空(null)的值均为Ture

        当判断条件假False时,循环结束。

        执行流程图如下:

        实例

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#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
count = 0
while (count < 9):
print 'The count is:', count
count = count + 1
print "Good bye!"

        执行输出结果

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The count is: 0
The count is: 1
The count is: 2
The count is: 3
The count is: 4
The count is: 5
The count is: 6
The count is: 7
The count is: 8
Good bye!

continue和break

        while在执行的时候,先看判断语句,只要为真,就执行语句,执行完语句以后,再执行判断语句,所以,一般都会在判断条件这里设置一个变量,在执行语句的时候对这个变量进行操作,一直执行到判断条件为假时,退出,执行后面的代码。如果刚开始判断就为假,则直接跳过while

        while语句时还有另外两个重要的命令continue,break来跳过循环,continue用于跳过该次循环,break则是用于退出循环,此外“判断条件”还可以是常值,表示循环必定成立,具体用法如下

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# continue 和 break 用法
i = 1
while i < 10:
i += 1
if i%2 > 0: # 非双数时跳过输出
continue
print i # 输出双数2、4、6、8、10
i = 1
while 1: # 循环条件为1必定成立
print i # 输出1~10
i += 1
if i > 10: # 当i大于10时跳出循环
break

无限循环

        如果条件判断语句永远为Ture,循环将会无限的执行下去

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#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
var = 1
while var == 1 : #该条件永远为ture,循环将无限执行下去
num = raw_input("Enter a number :")
print "your entered:", num
print "Good bye!"

        其输出结果

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Enter a number :20
You entered: 20
Enter a number :29
You entered: 29
Enter a number :3
You entered: 3
Enter a number between :Traceback (most recent call last):
File "test.py", line 5, in <module>
num = raw_input("Enter a number :")
KeyboardInterrupt

        注意:以上的无限循环可以使用CTRL +C来中断循环。

循环使用else语句

        在python中,while…else在循环条件为false时执行else语句块

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#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
count = 0
while count < 5:
print count, "is less than 5"
count = count + 1
else:
print count, "is not less than 5"

        其输出结果为

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0 is less than 5
1 is less than 5
2 is less than 5
3 is less than 5
4 is less than 5
5 is not less than 5